Improvement in adding-machines



F. P. WARNER. ADDING MACHINE.

Patented Dc. 27, 1870.

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'tout FRANCS F.- WARNER, yCF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Letters Patent No. 110,520, dated December 27, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN ADDING-MACHINES.

The Scheuule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

I, Fnaxots F. Wxnxnu, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State otlllinois, have invented certain lm'- provelneuts in Addingl\I=tchines, ot which the follow'- ing is a full, clear, and 'exact description, to enable others skilled in the artto make and use the saine, reterenee beinghad to theaccompanying drawing, which, together with the letters ofy reference marked thereon, form part of this specification, and iu which Figure l exhibits a plan view ot'my adding-nuteliinc.

Figure 2 is the saine, with the stationzn'y disk or cover removed.

Figure 3 is a transverse vert-ical section, through the center of' tig. l.

General Description.

A is a circular disk or plate, having a rim, n, projecting upward a little distance entirely around the periphery thereof'.

B is an annular plaie resting loosely upon the disk A and extending to the rim a at every point, aud so titted that it may revolve easily within said rim. A series of' numerals is marked upon thisannularplate,connuencingl with zero (o) and extendingl to 99. 'these figures are in two lilies, excepting the first() and the lirst nine digits, which occur siuglyin the outer or unifsline.. rl`hedouble line connnences at10,the cipher (il) ol'whioh nun'teral is in the outer line, while the lis iu the inner or tens line.

C is a ratchet-wheel revolving upon a huh, c, projecting from the disk A. A series ot numerals from 0 to'l() is marked upon this wlieel,tlie figures occurring atl'egularintervals. This I terni the humlreds-wheel, asitindicates the number of hundreds resultot the adding.

D is a circular'plate secured to the disk A at the hub E, being rigidly attached to said disk. The plate D extends nearly t-o the rim (l, leaving a narrower space be-v tween the edge ofthe disk and therim (t. Through this narrow space in tig. l ot' the. drawing muy be seen the edge of the annular plate B, which plate is provided there with a number ot holes, b, which correspond to the numerals marked o'nsaid wheel.

Ilhe plate D which l term the ace-plate is marked with numerals to correspond to the numerals on the annular plate B, except that the eontin nous figures extend only so f'ar as the first nine digital numbers, atter which the tens are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, (j, 7, S, t), as will be clearly understood by reference to fig` l ot` the drawing.

llhe plate D is provided with openingsJ K L, through which maybe seen tigures marked on the annular plate li and on the lnunlreds-whecl C.

M is also an openingin the plateD,-immediately over the lnunlreds-wheel C, for the purpose of' operating said wheel, as will appear.

lj is a stop attached rigidly to the plat-e D, and extendin across the narrowspace between said plate and the riin (t.

My machinel operates as follows:

Say. to add the tigures 20-'r3U-57-l-10. Supposing the machine to be set; at zero, so that three Os are seen at the openings J K L; a pointer is now made use of and placed in the hole b, just opposite the numeral 2, which indicates 20 on the face-plate, or, in other words, 2 in the teus column, and, bythe aid of the said pointe-r, the annular plate Bis revolved until the pointer strikes against the stop P, when the figures 2 (l will appeal' at the openings l L. 30 is addedin a, similar way wheu-A it will be found that O will appear at the openings. The next number 57 is added by bringing up the of the figures representing the tens column first, and then by adding 7, when l 0 7 will appear at the holes J K L. At the conclusion of each one hundred added bythe annular plate l, the htnidreds-'wheel C is turned forward one notch, so asA to present a new figure at the. opening J.

rlhis motion of the hundreds-wheel is produced bya projection, Q, on the plate B, which catches tlie'ratchet of thc said wheel and produces the desired motion.

A spring, S, attached to thedisk A plays in the ratchet ot` the wheel C, and prevents any reverse motion ofsaid wheel. lhis spring is so arranged to press upon the incline of the ratchet-teeth that the force'of the spring will bring the wheel back each time itis m ored forward, sothat. the spring rests against the radial face of the succeeding ratchet.

To make this` perfectly clear, let it he remarked that each ratchet-tooth is cut with a face taugentical and a face radial to the wheel. The spring in the forward motion ofthe wheel slides over the tangent face of one tooth and falls upon the tangent face ofthe next tooth. Now the-incline 'of the face of the tooth and the pressure ot' the spring tend to bring the wheel back so far that the end ot' the spring shall bear against the radial tace ot' the tooth just passed` rlhe purpose ot' this is to insure the numbers ou the wheel C to stand each time at a given point, so that the number present-ed at. the hole J in the plato D shall be duly in its place, and not too much up or down.

q isa projection on the spring S, which extends outward toward the annular plate B, but not so far as to intertfne with the tree passage of the projection Q on said plate, except when the spring` rests upon the tan# gent face of` the ratchet-tooth t, which, it will be observed, is farther from the center of the wheel C than are the rest ofthe ratchet-teeth.

When the springrests upon this tooth the ligure 10 will appearat the opening J, and the projection Q will catch upon the projection q, and further forward motion it. The purpose of this cipher is to cause the numbers to read right after reaching one hundred in the addition.

I set my machine at zero to commence adding by insertingthe pointer in a hole m, in the lnunlreds-wheel, which is readily done through the aperture Maud turn said lumdreds-wheel iin-ward until the 0 appears at the opening J. I then revolve the plate l in a reverse direction until the inclined surface atthe lower end of the projection Q strikes the incline or tangent face ofthe ratchet-tooth on the humlreds-wheel just opposite the 0 ofthe humlreds-wheel, which is as far as said plate can be turned in this direction; a cipher (il) will now appearat-tinl hole L, and the-ciphert' will be seenthrough the aperture K, being' uncovered by the slot U..

1n sett-ing forward the hundredswheel it v'will be found sometimes necessary to move forward the plate B, to prevent the teeth ofthe ratchet from engaging the projection O. I make oneofthcse teeth, x, a little shorter than the rest, to allow the projection Q to play past it in setting the machine at zero.

1t will be observed that I place the firstnine digital numbers on the face-plate next to the stop l. These nine numerals correspond to the units column in addition, while the other ligures on said lace-plate placed at intervals ot teu holes apart, eorrcspimd to the. tens column for. instance, in adding up the number 5T, as above, l would tirst put tbrward one ligure, say the 5, inthetens column, then lthe 7 in the units column,aml the result would be 57 at the adding-point.

1 make the projeetimi (l on the spring S of sufcieut length, so that it shall extend outward a little beyond the point ofthe ratchet-tooth, against which it rests, as will appear in the drawing. The purpose of this is to preventtheprojection Q, from engaging said tooth-point in case ot any mechanical inaccuracy of construction.

For an obvious purpose I lnake the hole J of an oblong shape, so that a little extra latitude is allowed in presenting the figures on thehundreds-wheel.

To illustrate this, let it be. observed that when theresult reads 97 at the: bling-point, the ln'ojcetion Q will have just encountered the michet-tooth opposite the 0 on the liumlreds-wheel. Now, ifone more unit is added, the projection Q will have set forward the hundredswheel a little way, 9S will appear, and so also in succession U9; but the 0 will not have disappeared from the opening J, because ofthe oblong shape ofsaid opening, nor will the l ofthe humlreds-wheel have appeared until the 99 has passed, when the one of the hundredswheel will appeal'. the sum total of the tigurcs added then being` lOl), and soon at cach succeeding hundred.

It is belieredthat the oblong shape of the hole J is necessary in any practical (amstruction of a similar machine sutiiciently small to be conveniently used by holding it in the hand.

Claims.

I'laving thus described my invent-ion,

What l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Th 1, annular plate B, haring holes I), slot U, and projection Q. and haring the numerals marked thereon, as described, substantially as speciiied.

2. The ratchet or humlreds-wheel C, with numbers marked thereon, as specilitahand the springfl, with its projection r1, in combination with the annular plalcB, haring a projection, Q, substantially as and for the purpose specitied.

3. 'lhe lnnnlrcds-wheelC, having the incline surface of the ratchet-tooth tcxtending farther out than the remaining teeth, l'or the purpose set forth, and substantially as specilied.

4. The combination ofthe lace-plate D, havingapcrtures J K L M and a stop, Rand numerals marked thereon, as described, the annular plaie B, hundreds wheel C, and disk A, arranged substantially as specilied. v FRANUlS F. WARNER.

Witnesses:

J. W. MUNDAY, H. F. BRUns. 

